The disc divides each joint into two. The lower joint compartment formed by the mandible and the articular disc is involved in rotational movement (opening and closing movements). The upper joint compartment formed by the articular disk and the temporal bone is involved in translational movements (sliding the lower jaw forward or side to side). The part of the mandible which mates to the under-surface of the disc is the condyle and the part of the temporal bone which mates to the upper surface of the disk is the glenoid (or mandibular) fossa.
Pain or dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint is commonly referred to as "TMJ", when in fact, TMJ is really the name of the joint, and Temporomandibular joint disorder (or dysfunction) is abbreviated TMD. This term is used to refer to a group of problems involving the TMJs and the muscles, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, and other tissues associated with them. Some practitioners might include the neck, the back and even the whole body in describing problems with the TMJs. read full article here
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMJD, TMJ or TMD), or TMJ Syndrome, is an all encompassing term covering acute or chronic inflammation of the temporomandibular joint. The temporomandibular joint connects the lower jaw to the skull. The disorder and subsequent condition can result in significant pain, discomfort, dysfunction and impairment. The temporomandibular joint is just as susceptible to many of the conditions that affect other joints in the body, including arthritis, trauma, dislocations and other developmental abnormalities.
Affecting the muscles are pain and dysfunction. Dysfunction refers to the limitation of jaw movement. This dysfunction can range from mild to severe. In milder cases, the only symptoms may be popping or clicking of the jaw. Common causes include: gum chewing, nail biting, teeth grinding or teeth clenching. Often times this dysfunction creates a misalignment of the teeth, causing them to be out of occlusion.
No one treatment can resolve TMJ disorders completely and treatments take time to be effective.
Do you have trouble with your jaw?
TMJ disorders develop for a variety of reasons. You may clench or grind your teeth, or tighten your jaw muscles and therefore stress your TMJ joint. You may have a damaged jaw joint, due to injury or disease. Whatever the cause, the results may include a misaligned bite, pain, clicking or grating noises when you open your mouth, or may it may cause you to have trouble opening your mouth wide.
Important Questions to Ask Yourself
• Are you aware of grinding or clenching your teeth?
• Do you wake up with sore, stiff muscles around your jaw?
• Do you have frequent headaches or neck aches?
• Does the pain get worse when you clench your teeth?
• Does stress make your clenching and pain worse?
• Does your jaw click, pop, grate, catch, or lock when you open your mouth?
• Is it difficult or painful to open your mouth, eat or yawn?
• Have you ever injured your neck, head or jaw?
• Have you had problems (such as arthritis) with other joints?
• Do you have teeth that no longer touch when you bite?
• Do your teeth meet differently from time to time?
• Is it hard to use your front teeth to bite or tear food?
• Are your teeth sensitive, loose, broken or worn?
The more times you answered "yes," the more likely it is that you have a TMJ disorder. Understanding TMJ disorders will also help you understand how they are treated.
Treatment
There are various treatment options that our oral surgeons can utilize to improve the harmony and function of your jaw. Once an evaluation confirms a diagnosis of TMJ disorder, we will determine the proper course of treatment. It is important to note that treatment always works best with a team approach of self-care, as well as professional care.
BOTOX®
For patients who have developed TMJ Disorder, BOTOX® can be used as a muscle relaxant to relieve pain associated with chronic clenching and grinding of teeth. Often, a BOTOX® injection is required to relax the jaw muscles prior to surgery.
